Übersetzung für 'juxtaglomerular cells' von Englisch nach Deutsch

juxtaglomerular cells

juxtaglomeruläre Zellen {pl}biol.

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juxtaglomerular {adj}

juxtaglomerulärmed.

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juxtaglomerular apparatus

juxtaglomerulärer Apparat {m}anat.

juxtaglomerular cell

juxtaglomeruläre Zelle {f}biol.

natural killer T cells <NKT cells>

natürliche Killer-T-Zellen {pl} <NKT-Zellen>med.

enterochromaffin cells <ECCs / EC cells>

enterochromaffine Zellen {pl} <EC-Zellen>biol.

natural killer cells <NK cells>

natürliche Killerzellen {pl} <NK-Zellen>med.

alpha cells [also: alpha-cells] <α-cells> [endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans]

A-Zellen {pl} [Zelltyp der Langerhans-Inseln]biol.

embryonic stem cells <ES, ES cells>

embryonale Stammzellen {pl} <ES, ES-Zellen>acad.biotech.med.

cells

Zellen {pl}

beta cells

Pankreasinselzellen {pl}biol.

mesangial cells

Mesangiumzellen {pl}biol.

mesophyll cells

Mesophyllzellen {pl}biol.

muscle cells

Muskelzellen {pl}anat.

pineal cells

Pinealzellen {pl}med.

antipodal cells

Antipodenzellen {pl}biol.

Gegenfüßlerzellen {pl}biol.

eukaryotic cells

eukaryotische Zellen {pl}biol.

neural cells

Nervenzellen {pl}biol.

skin cells

Hautzellen {pl}anat.

daughter cells

Tochterzellen {pl}biol.

• When renal blood flow is reduced, juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys convert the precursor prorenin (already present in the blood) into renin and secrete it directly into the circulation.
• Renin is secreted by renal juxtaglomerular cells and catalyses the conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I which is the rate-limiting step in the production of angiotensin II.
• When sodium levels are moderately increased, the macula densa releases ATP and reduces prostaglandin E2 release In the opposite case, juxtaglomerular cells are stimulated to release more renin, which stimulates the renin–angiotensin system, producing angiotensin I which is converted by Angio-Tensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) to angiotensin II.
• Extraglomerular mesangial cells are part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, along with the macula densa cells of the distal convoluted tubule and the juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole.
• When renal blood flow is reduced (indicating hypotension) or there is a decrease in sodium or chloride ion concentration, the macula densa of the distal tubule releases prostaglandins (mainly PGI2 and PGE2) and nitric oxide, which cause the juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin, activating the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, to increase blood pressure and increase reabsorption of sodium ions into the bloodstream via aldosterone.

• In addition to juxtaglomerular cells, prorenin is also synthesised by other organs, such as the adrenal glands, the ovaries, the testis and the pituitary gland, which is why it is found in the plasma of anephric individuals.
• (2) it increases renin release from the juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent and efferent arterioles, which are the major storage sites for renin.
• These juxtaglomerular cells play a major role in the renin–angiotensin system, which helps regulate blood volume and pressure.
• Renin is produced by juxtaglomerular cells, also known as granular cells.